Does the infection need to be treated?

Usually not. The parasite dies over time, even without treatment. Even people who develop eosinophilic meningitis usually don't need antibiotics. Sometimes the symptoms of the infection last for several weeks or months, while the body's immune system responds to the dying parasites. The most common types of treatment are for the symptoms of the infection (such as pain medication for headache) rather than for the infection itself. Patients with severe cases of meningitis may benefit from some other types of treatment.

In what parts of the world does this infection occur?

Most of the known cases of infection in people have occurred in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. Some cases have occurred in other areas, such as the Caribbean.

Have cases occurred in the continental United States?

Yes. In 1993, a boy got infected by swallowing a raw snail "on a dare." The type of snail he swallowed isn't known. He became ill a few weeks later, with muscle aches, headache, stiff neck, a slight fever, and vomiting. Although he had eosinophilic meningitis, his symptoms went away in about 2 weeks, without treatment of the infection.

How can I keep from getting infected with this parasite?

Don't eat raw or undercooked snails or slugs. If you handle snails or slugs, wear gloves and wash your hands. Always remember to thoroughly wash fresh produce.