What is E.  coli O157:H7?

E. coli  O157:H7 are bacteria that can  cause bloody diarrhea.  The term "O157:H7" indicates  a particular type  of E. coli bacteria.  Not all strains  of E. coli cause illness.   

Who can get E. coli O157:H7 infection? 

Anyone, but it appears to be more common in children than adults. 

Where are the E. coli O157:H7 bacteria found? 

E. coli O157:H7 bacteria  can be found in the intestinal tracts of  infected humans and cows.   

How is this bacteria spread? 

The bacteria are spread by eating food or water that is contaminated with feces (stool)  of an infected animal or person.   The  most common cause of E.coli O157:H7 infection is  eating undercooked  ground beef.  Raw milk can  also contain the bacteria.  An infected foodhandler can contaminate food by failing to wash hands after going to the bathroom.  Hands that  become contaminated while changing diapers may  also spread the disease to others.  Some people have become ill  after swimming in lake or pool water contaminated with feces of infected persons or animals.   

What are the symptoms of  E. coli O157:H7 infection?  Can it cause severe problems? 

The major symptoms are stomach cramps  and diarrhea, which can look like bloody water.  Other symptoms  may include vomiting, fever and chills.  Some people do  not exhibit any symptoms  or they may have mild diarrhea that is not bloody.  In a small percentage of cases,  the infection can cause the kidneys  to stop working, especially  in young children.   

How soon do symptoms appear? 

The symptoms usually start two to eight days after exposure but usually within 3-4 days. 

How long can an infected person spread  E. coli O157:H7?

An infected person  can spread  the bacteria to others for  as long as the bacteria remain  in the stool, usually one week but up  to three weeks or more.   

Should infected people be excluded from school or work? 

Since the bacteria are passed  in the feces, children in daycare, health care workers, or people who handle food should not go to school or work while they  have diarrhea.   After diarrhea ends,  the health department will help determine when an infected person may return  to work or school.  Some people may not be able to go back to day care or work until two stool specimens test negative. 

What  is the treatment for E. coli O157:H7?

Most people get well  on their own but  it is important that anyone having bloody diarrhea seek medical attention.  Antibiotics do not appear to help people get better faster  and are usually not indicated.  Persons with diarrhea should drink plenty  of liquids to prevent dehydration.   

How  can E. coli O157:H7 infection  be prevented? 

• Never eat rare or undercooked  ground beef.  Cook  to 160 degrees F or until the  meat color  is brown or gray.   
• Do not drink  unpasteurized milk or cider.    
• Always wash any raw fruits  or vegetables before eating.    
• Always carefully wash hands before  and after preparing foods.    
• Always refrigerate meat products.  Never leave raw meats  at room temperature.    
• Make sure  children wash  their hands carefully, especially  after using  the toilet or handling animals. 
• Always wash hands with soap and warm water  after using  the toilet or changing diapers. 
• Persons with  diarrhea should not use public swimming facilities. 
• Clean  and disinfect diapering areas, toilets/potty chairs, toys, etc. at least daily  and when soiled.