Introduction

This fact sheet provides basic information about European elder--common names, uses, potential side effects, and resources for more information. European elder is a tree native to Europe and parts of Asia and Africa, and it also grows in the United States. There are several different types of elder, such as American elder, but European elder is the type most often used as a supplement.

Common Names--European elder, black elder, elder, elderberry, elder flower, sambucus

Latin Names--Sambucus nigra

What It Is Used For

• Parts of the elder tree--such as the berries and flowers--have long been used for pain, swelling, infections, coughs, and skin conditions.
• Today, elderberry and elder flower are used for flu, colds, fevers, constipation, and sinus infections.

How It Is Used

The dried flowers (elder flower) and the cooked blue/black berries (elderberry) of the European elder tree are used in teas, liquid extracts, and capsules.

What the Science Says

• Although some small studies show that elderberry may relieve flu symptoms, the evidence is not strong enough to support this use of the berry.
• A few studies have suggested that a product containing elder flower and other herbs can help treat sinus infections when used with antibiotics, but further research is needed to confirm any benefit.
• No reliable information is available on the effectiveness of elderberry and elder flower for other uses.