Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that mostly affects cartilage. Cartilage is the slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones in a joint. Healthy cartilage allows bones to glide over each other. It also helps absorb shock of movement. In osteoarthritis, the top layer of cartilage breaks down and wears away. This allows bones under the cartilage to rub together. The rubbing causes pain, swelling, and loss of motion of the joint. Over time, the joint may lose its normal shape. Also, bone spurs may grow on the edges of the joint. Bits of bone or cartilage can break off and float inside the joint space, which causes more pain and damage.

People with osteoarthritis often have joint pain and reduced motion. Unlike some other forms of arthritis, osteoarthritis affects only joints and not internal organs. Rheumatoid arthritis the second most common form of arthritis affects other parts of the body besides the joints. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis.

What is this condition? 

Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, is an ongoing process that breaks down cartilage around a bone, then causes new bone to grow around and under the affected joint. It usually occurs in the hips and knees. Osteoarthritis is widespread and affects both sexes after age 40. It can be disabling and usually gets worse as the person ages, ranging from minor dysfunction of the fingers to severe hip or knee problems. 

What causes it? 

Osteoarthritis, a normal part of aging, results from many metabolic, genetic, chemical, and mechanical factors. One form of osteoarthritis results from a specific event, such as a fall, an inherited deformity, or obesity that leads to degenerative changes.