Schizophreniform Disorder (SFD) is more likely to occur in people if they have family members with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (also called manic depression). The disorder occurs equally in men and women, although it often strikes men at a younger age, between the ages of 18 and 24. Schizophreniform disorder appears to be related to abnormalities in the structure and chemistry of the brain, and appears to have strong genetic links. Treatment of schizophreniform disorder is generally the same as that for schizophrenia. Treatment aims to protect and stabilize the patient, to minimize the psychosocial consequences, and to resolve the target symptoms with minimal adverse effects.

Antipsychotic medications are the most common type of medication used to treat this disorder, but other medications such as tranquilizers and antidepressants may also be of value. The patient who may be at risk of harming himself or herself or others requires hospitalization. This allows for complete diagnostic evaluation and helps to ensure the safety of the patient and others. A supportive environment with minimal stimulation is most helpful. As improvement progresses, help with coping skills, problem-solving techniques, and psychoeducational approaches may be added for patients and their families. Patients may benefit from a structured intermediate environment, such as a day hospital, during the initial phases of returning to the community.

Common causes and risk factors of schizophrenia include genetic as well as environmental factors, abnormal brain development in early childhood as well as abnormal brain chemistry, as well as stress.Sign and symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, disorganized speech, and disorganized or catatonic behavior.

Antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment for patients with schizophrenia or the schizophreniform disorder. Mood-stabilizing drugs similar to those used in bipolar disorder may be used if there isn't significant improvement with the antipsychotic medications.  Psychotherapy is generally not effective for the patient, but supportive therapy and education about mental illness is of benefit both to the patient and family members. Postpartum psychosis is also treated with antipsychotics and possibly, hormones.

 Schizophrenia and SFD are serious psychiatric disorders which require early diagnosis and treatment on a long term basis, preferably by a mental health professional.  Many patients with these psychiatric disorders, can be controlled with a combination of medication and supportive therapy by family members and friends, and can lead active, productive lives.