Type 1 diabetes (IDDM) patients are lacking in insulin, and the level of insulin in the blood totally depends on externally injected insulin. Blood sugar and ketones will increase if there is a shortage of insulin before activity. With the development of biotechnology, stem cells are infused into human body to repair the damaged islet and islet cells, thus improving the secretion of islet cells and increasing the utilization rate of glucose, which is the fundamental problem in patients with diabetes.  

 Stem Cells Transplant  treating diabetes has become a new ideal treatment. The common stem cells for treating diabetes are Cord Blood Stem Cells, Bone Marrow Stem Cells, Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC), and Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC), which can generate various kinds of human organs and have strong ability of differentiation. Through abstracting, culturing, expanding, purifying, stem cells are transplanted into human body, and then differentiate into the islet cells and repair the damaged islet cells automatically, thus treating Type 1 diabetes and complications.

Stem cells (SC) are multi-potentiality cells with the ability of self-renewal. In certain condition, they can differentiate into various kinds of functioning cells. According to the developmental stage of stem cells, they can divide into Embryonic Stem Cell (ESC) and Somatic Stem Cell. According to developmental potential of stem cells, they can divide into Totipotent Stem Cell (TSC), Pluripotent Stem Cell and Unipotent Stem Cell. Stem cells are a kind of undifferentiated completely and immature cells, which have the potential ability of generating all kinds of tissues and organs, so they are called “universal cell”.

1.       Stem cells have the strong abilities of proliferation and multi-direction differentiation, so a lot of descendants are generated.

2.       Through intercellular interaction and generating cell factor to inhibit the proliferation and immune reaction of T cells, thus rebuilding the immune function.

3.       Stem cells are widely available, which are easy to separate, culture, proliferate, purify, daughter cells still remain the same characters as mother cells after proliferating many times

4.       Low immunogenicity. Stem cells don’t have the character of immunological rejection and the problem of blood matching because stem cells in the initial state and can’t be identified easily.

1)      Long-term generation will not change the biological characteristics of stem cells which have the abilities of differentiating into various cells, such as renal inherent cells, muscle cells, hepatic cells, osteoblast, cartilage cells etc.

2) Stem cells have ability of ‘homing’. Through the function of ‘homing’, the traumatic signal can stimulate stem cells transfer and differentiate to the damaged organs and tissues, and then repair the damaged cells.

3) Stem cells have a bright future in the treatment of kidney disease  due to the immunological characters and advantages of stem cells.